Children were less physically active, and screen time was higher during and after the school closures due to the COVID-19 lockdown. This is alarming as an active lifestyle in children is crucial in preventing chronic diseases such as obesity.
Children were less physically active, and screen time was higher during and after the school closures due to the COVID-19 lockdown. This is alarming as an active lifestyle in children is crucial in preventing chronic diseases such as obesity.The basis of heat generated by the human body has been a source of speculation and research for more than 2,000 years. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/jph203.html Basal heat production, now usually referred to as resting energy expenditure (REE), is currently recognized as deriving from biochemical reactions at subcellular and cellular levels that are expressed in the energy expended by the body's 78 organs and tissues. These organs and tissues, and the 11 systems to which they belong, influence body size and shape. Connecting these subcellular-/cellular-level reactions to organs and tissues, and then on to body size and shape, provides a comprehensive understanding of individual differences in REE, a contemporary topic of interest in obesity research and clinical practice. This review critically examines these linkages, their association with widely used statistical and physiological REE prediction formulas, and often-unappreciated aspects of measuring basal heat production in humans.Self-monitoring is a core component of behavioral obesity treatment, but it is unknown how digital health has been used for self-monitoring, what engagement rates are achieved in these interventions, and how self-monitoring and weight loss are related.
This systematic review examined digital self-monitoring in behavioral weight loss interventions among adults with overweight or obesity. Six databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, PsycInfo, CINAHL, and ProQuest Dissertations &amp; Theses) were searched for randomized controlled trials with interventions???12 weeks, weight outcomes???6 months, and outcomes on self-monitoring engagement and their relationship to weight loss.
Thirty-nine studies from 2009 to 2019 met inclusion criteria. Among the 67 interventions with digital self-monitoring, weight was tracked in 72% of them, diet in 81%, and physical activity in 82%. Websites were the most common self-monitoring modality, followed by mobile applications, wearables, electronic scales, and, finally, text messaging. Few interventions had digital self-monitoring engagement rates???75% of days. Rates were higher in digital- than in paper-based arms in 21 out of 34 comparisons and lower in just 2. Interventions with counseling had similar rates to standalone interventions. Greater digital self-monitoring was linked to weight loss in 74% of occurrences.
Self-monitoring via digital health is consistently associated with weight loss in behavioral obesity treatment.
Self-monitoring via digital health is consistently associated with weight loss in behavioral obesity treatment.This study investigated the association between ultraprocessed food consumption and excess body weight in a Swiss nationally representative study.
Data stem from the cross-sectional Swiss National Nutrition Survey menuCH (n?=?2,057). Dietary information was collected with 24-hour dietary recalls, and food items were categorized into non-ultraprocessed or ultraprocessed using the NOVA food classification system. The following three excess body weight indicators were considered BMI, waist circumference (WC), and a BMI-WC composite outcome. Multinomial logistic regression models stratified by sex were fitted.
Women in the highest quintile of ultraprocessed food weight proportion had significantly higher odds of having obesity (odds ratio [OR] 3.01, 95% CI 1.48-6.11), having abdominal obesity (OR 2.69, 95% CI 1.43-5.05), and being in the highest category of the BMI-WC composite outcome (OR 3.28, 95% CI 1.59-6.77). No relevant associations were observed in men.
Ultraprocessed food weight proportion was strongly and dose-dependently associated with excess body weight in women but not in men. Further studies are required to elucidate potential mechanisms behind this association. Increasing evidence of the detrimental effect of ultraprocessed food consumption on health stresses the need to consider these products in future public health strategies.
Ultraprocessed food weight proportion was strongly and dose-dependently associated with excess body weight in women but not in men. Further studies are required to elucidate potential mechanisms behind this association. Increasing evidence of the detrimental effect of ultraprocessed food consumption on health stresses the need to consider these products in future public health strategies.The purpose of this study was to establish a biorepository of clinical, metabolomic, and microbiome samples from adolescents with obesity as they undergo lifestyle modification.
A total of 223 adolescents aged 10 to 18 years with BMI??95th percentile were enrolled, along with 71 healthy weight participants. Clinical data, fasting serum, and fecal samples were collected at repeated intervals over 6 months. Herein, the study design, data collection methods, and interim analysis-including targeted serum metabolite measurements and fecal 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing among adolescents with obesity (n?=?27) and healthy weight controls (n?=?27)-are presented.
Adolescents with obesity have higher serum alanine aminotransferase, C-reactive protein, and glycated hemoglobin, and they have lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol when compared with healthy weight controls. Metabolomics revealed differences in branched-chain amino acid-related metabolites. Also observed was a differential abundance of specific microbial taxa and lower species diversity among adolescents with obesity when compared with the healthy weight group.
The Pediatric Metabolism and Microbiome Study (POMMS) biorepository is available as a shared resource. Early findings suggest evidence of a metabolic signature of obesity unique to adolescents, along with confirmation of previously reported findings that describe metabolic and microbiome markers of obesity.
The Pediatric Metabolism and Microbiome Study (POMMS) biorepository is available as a shared resource. Early findings suggest evidence of a metabolic signature of obesity unique to adolescents, along with confirmation of previously reported findings that describe metabolic and microbiome markers of obesity.